Database compiled and produced by
Andrew T. Chamberlain, Jim Williams and Erika Strenski, Department of Archaeology and Prehistory,
University of Sheffield, Northgate House, Sheffield, S1 4ET.
Most recent changes incorporated in June 2001.
When referencing this article, please use the following convention:
Chamberlain, A.T. & Williams, J.P. 1999. A Gazetteer of English Caves, Fissures
and Rock Shelters Containing Human Remains. Revised Version June 2001. Capra
1 available at - http://capra.group.shef.ac.uk/1/caves.html
This gazetteer contains a summary of information about caves, fissures and rock-shelters in England that have contained human remains of possible or proven prehistoric date. The gazetteer is organised into regions of the country, shown below on the map. For individual caves, select the specific area, to display the records which are listed alphabetically. Definitions of the categories used in the records are given below the map.
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CAVE REGIONS
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Explanations of the categories used in the individual cave records
Site: The topographical name of the site, as given in the published literature. Alternative names are given in parentheses.
NGR: The National Grid Reference, consisting of two letters indicating the 100 km square followed by the six-figure or eight-figure grid co-ordinates, when known.
NMR: Entry in the National Monuments Record. Further information available from the National Monuments Record Centre.
SMR: Entry in the relevant county Sites and Monuments Record. For further information contact the relevant county or district archaeology service.
SAM: Site registered as Scheduled Ancient Monument. Further information available from English Heritage.
SSSI: Site registered as Site of Special Scientific Interest. Further information available from English Nature.
Excavation: The directors and duration of known excavations of the site.
Curation: The current or last known locations of all curated finds from the site.
MNI: The estimated number of individuals, subdivided into adults and children. A ‘+’ sign indicates that the estimate is a minimum number, normally calculated from the most frequently represented skeletal element.
Finds: A brief summary of any artefacts or environmental material that may be of the same date as the human remains. The entry does not distinguish between items that are grave goods, those which are associated by context, and material that is unstratified.
Date: The authors' assessment of the period to which the burials are likely to belong. For each site a numerical index of reliability of the dating evidence has been assigned, as follows: (1) 14C date obtained on human remains; (2) 14C date obtained on organic material closely associated with a burial, or, undated human remains closely associated with diagnostic prehistoric artefacts; (3) burial associated with non-diagnostic prehistoric artefacts; (4) stratigraphical context of human remains indeterminate; (5) no dating information available for the site.
14C: Where radiocarbon determinations are available these are given in uncalibrated years b.p. The laboratory number is also given, but the laboratory dating error has been omitted (most estimates of the error standard deviation of Holocene 14C dates lie in the range between ±30 and ±150 years).
Bibliography: A comprehensive list of the primary published literature for each site is given, but secondary references that present no additional information have been omitted.
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© CAPRA 1998
